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Completing Missing Annotation: Multi-Agent Debate for Accurate and Scalable Relevant Assessment for IR Benchmarks
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Completing Missing Annotation: Multi-Agent Debate for Accurate and Scalable Relevant Assessment for IR Benchmarks

#LLM #DREAM framework #Information Retrieval #multi-agent debate #data annotation #benchmark datasets #arXiv

📌 Key Takeaways

  • Researchers introduced DREAM, a multi-agent debate framework to fix incomplete IR benchmark datasets.
  • The system addresses the issue of LLM overconfidence and the 'missing annotation' problem in data labeling.
  • Multiple LLM agents take opposing stances and engage in iterative rounds of debate to determine data relevance.
  • DREAM improves AI-to-human escalation by identifying complex cases through conflicting model outputs.

📖 Full Retelling

Researchers specializing in artificial intelligence and information retrieval introduced a new multi-agent debate framework called DREAM on the arXiv preprint server this week to address the persistent problem of incomplete data annotation in Large Language Model (LLM) benchmarking. The team developed this system to rectify the 'missing annotation' issue, where relevant data chunks are often left unlabeled in information retrieval datasets, hindering the accurate evaluation of search technologies. By shifting away from single-agent assessments, the researchers aim to improve the scalability and precision of data labeling without relying solely on expensive and time-consuming human oversight. The core of the DREAM framework revolves around a multi-round debate process between autonomous LLM agents that are assigned opposing initial stances. In traditional settings, LLMs used for data labeling often suffer from overconfidence or 'hallucination,' leading to incorrect relevance assessments that skew results. By forcing agents to argue for and against the relevance of specific data segments through iterative reasoning, the DREAM system effectively simulates a rigorous peer-review process, highlighting nuances that a single model might overlook. Furthermore, the researchers identified significant flaws in existing LLM-human hybrid strategies, specifically highlighting ineffective 'AI-to-human' escalation protocols where models fail to signal when they are uncertain. The DREAM framework mitigates this by using the internal conflict of the debate to identify truly ambiguous cases that require manual intervention. This approach not only reduces the overall workload for human annotators but also ensures that the final IR benchmarks are more robust, providing a more reliable foundation for measuring the performance of modern search engines and recommendation systems.

🏷️ Themes

Artificial Intelligence, Information Retrieval, Data Science

📚 Related People & Topics

Large language model

Type of machine learning model

A large language model (LLM) is a language model trained with self-supervised machine learning on a vast amount of text, designed for natural language processing tasks, especially language generation. The largest and most capable LLMs are generative pre-trained transformers (GPTs) that provide the c...

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Information retrieval

Finding information for an information need

Information retrieval (IR) in computing and information science is the task of identifying and retrieving information system resources that are relevant to an information need. The information need can be specified in the form of a search query. In the case of document retrieval, queries can be base...

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📄 Original Source Content
arXiv:2602.06526v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Information retrieval (IR) evaluation remains challenging due to incomplete IR benchmark datasets that contain unlabeled relevant chunks. While LLMs and LLM-human hybrid strategies reduce costly human effort, they remain prone to LLM overconfidence and ineffective AI-to-human escalation. To address this, we propose DREAM, a multi-round debate-based relevance assessment framework with LLM agents, built on opposing initial stances and iterative re

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