Who / What
The California State Legislature is the bicameral law‑making body of the U.S. state of California. It is composed of the California State Assembly—80 members—and the California State Senate—40 members. Both houses meet at the California State Capitol in Sacramento.
Background & History
California became a state in 1850, and the state constitution established its bicameral legislature at that time. The Assembly and Senate have met continuously since the state’s founding, evolving from part‑time to full‑time bodies to meet the demands of a rapidly growing population. Over the decades, the Legislature has enacted landmark laws on land use, education, and environmental protection, solidifying its role as a model among U.S. state legislatures.
Why Notable
As one of only ten full‑time state legislatures in the United States, California’s Legislature wields significant influence on policy both within its borders and nationally. Its size and diversity allow it to draft and pass comprehensive legislation in areas such as technology, immigration, and climate change. The Legislature’s decisions shape the everyday lives of California’s 39 million residents and often set precedents adopted by other states.
In the News
Recent session actions have focused on infrastructure investment, housing reform, and expanding renewable energy mandates. Public attention has turned to recent debates over the state's budget, tax reform, and measures aimed at addressing homelessness. These developments underscore the Legislature’s ongoing relevance as California navigates complex social and economic challenges.