Who / What
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of often porous coordination polymers that combine metal clusters—also called secondary building units (SBUs)—with organic ligands to create one‑, two‑ or three‑dimensional structures. The organic components are sometimes referred to as “struts” or “linkers,” with 1,4‑benzenedicarboxylic acid (H₂bdc) being a common example. MOFs are categorized as reticular materials.
Background & History
The concept of MOFs emerged in the late 20th century when chemists began exploring metal–ligand coordination sites to create extended networks. The first MOFs were reported in the mid‑1990s, and the field rapidly expanded with the development of highly crystalline frameworks. Key milestones include the synthesis of the first high‑surface‑area MOF in 1999 and the subsequent creation of functional materials for gas storage and catalysis.
Why Notable
MOFs have attracted attention because their porous, tunable structures can be engineered for specific applications such as gas separation, drug delivery, and catalysis. Their high surface areas and customizable chemistry make them excellent candidates for storing hydrogen, capturing CO₂, and storing industrial gases. The versatility and scalability of MOF synthesis have positioned them at the forefront of materials research.
In the News
Recent studies have focused on using MOFs for carbon capture technologies, where their selective adsorption properties help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers are also exploring MOFs for energy storage and as scaffold materials in advanced batteries. These developments underscore their growing role in addressing global environmental and energy challenges.
