# Columbia
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Who / What
**Columbia** most often refers to:
1. **The University of Columbia**, a prestigious private research university in New York City.
2. The **river Columbia**, the longest river entirely within the United States, flowing through Washington and Oregon.
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Background & History
Founded as **King’s College** in 1704 by royal charter from Queen Anne, it became **Columbia University** in 1896 after merging with several other institutions.The university is located on Manhattan’s Upper West Side, established to educate the elite and foster intellectual inquiry.Key milestones include its role during the American Revolution (training officers) and expansion into sciences, arts, and social sciences.Renowned for producing Nobel laureates, U.S. presidents, and influential leaders in academia, business, and politics.---
Why Notable
Columbia University is a global leader in education and research, consistently ranked among the top institutions worldwide. Its interdisciplinary approach has shaped advancements in science, technology, law, and humanities. The university’s alumni include pioneers like Martin Luther King Jr., Barack Obama, and Steve Jobs. Additionally, the **Columbia River** is vital to ecosystems, commerce, and hydroelectric power in the Pacific Northwest.
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In the News
Columbia University remains a focal point for discussions on higher education reform, AI ethics, and climate change research.Recent developments include its partnership with tech firms (e.g., Microsoft) for data-driven innovation and expanded initiatives in renewable energy.The river’s ecological health is increasingly scrutinized due to pollution challenges and efforts to restore biodiversity.---
Key Facts
**Type:** Organization (university, river)**Also known as:***Columbia College* (historical name for the original institution)*The University of Columbia**Columbia River* (alternative names: *Columbia Plateau River*, *Great River*)**Founded / Born:** 1704 (King’s College), 1896 (Columbia University); Columbia River formed ~13 million years ago.**Key dates:**1754: King’s College granted a charter by Queen Anne.1896: Renamed Columbia University after merging with Columbia College and other schools.1902: First Nobel Prize awarded to a Columbia alumnus (Willem Einthoven).**Geography:***Columbia University*: New York City, Manhattan (Upper West Side).*Columbia River*: Flows through Washington and Oregon, USA (~450 miles long).**Affiliation:***Columbia University*: Independent research university; part of the Ivy League.*Columbia River*: No direct affiliation; a natural feature.---
Links
[Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia)
