# Scott Kelly
Who / What
Scott Kelly is an American astronaut and former NASA commander known for his extensive spaceflight experience. He holds the record for the longest continuous time in space by a single individual (520 days) during his mission aboard the International Space Station (ISS).
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Background & History
Born on **February 21, 1964**, in Groton, Connecticut, Scott Kelly graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy and later earned degrees in physics and chemistry. He joined NASA’s astronaut program in **1996** after serving as a naval aviator and test pilot. His early missions included STS-83 (1997) and STS-94 (1997), both Space Shuttle flights focused on microgravity research.
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Why Notable
Kelly is celebrated for his groundbreaking contributions to space exploration, including **one of the longest ISS expeditions** (Expedition 25/26) and a historic **year-long mission (Expedition 43/44)** aboard the ISS in **2015–2016**. His research on aging, muscle atrophy, and psychological effects of long-duration spaceflight has advanced human spaceflight science. Additionally, his twin brother, Mark Kelly (also an astronaut), provided critical biological comparisons during NASA’s Twins Study.
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In the News
As of recent reports, Scott Kelly remains a prominent figure in discussions about **future deep-space missions**, including Artemis and potential Mars expeditions. His post-retirement work with NASA continues to influence public interest in space exploration, particularly through his advocacy for scientific research and education initiatives. His legacy as a pioneer in long-duration spaceflight keeps him relevant in debates over human expansion beyond Earth.
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Key Facts
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