# Jair Bolsonaro
Who / What
Jair Messias Bolsonaro is a Brazilian politician and former military officer who served as the 38th President of Brazil from January 2019 to January 2023. Before his presidency, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies for over two decades.
Background & History
Born on **March 21, 1955**, in Glicério, São Paulo, Bolsonaro began his career as a soldier in the Brazilian Army in 1973. He graduated from the Military Academy of Agulhas Negras in 1977 before transitioning into politics. His political journey included multiple terms as a deputy from 1991 onward, where he gained prominence through conservative and nationalist stances.
Why Notable
Bolsonaro’s presidency marked a significant shift in Brazilian politics with his populist, anti-establishment approach, emphasizing traditional values, economic liberalism, and skepticism toward environmental policies. His tenure was characterized by contentious debates on social issues, including LGBTQ+ rights, Indigenous land protections, and the COVID-19 pandemic response.
In the News
Since leaving office in 2023, Bolsonaro has remained politically active, often criticizing the Lula administration’s policies. His influence persists in Brazil’s far-right political landscape, with ongoing discussions about his potential future roles or challenges to democratic norms.
